標(biāo)題：如何解決Linux操作系統(tǒng)找不到網(wǎng)卡的問(wèn)題

1. 安裝網(wǎng)卡
機(jī)器太新，以至于現(xiàn)有的Linux版本無(wú)法認(rèn)出，比如機(jī)器找不到網(wǎng)卡，這時(shí)候怎么辦呢？


別急，首先你需要知道網(wǎng)卡是什么型號(hào)的，以本實(shí)驗(yàn)室新購(gòu)入的電腦為例，它的網(wǎng)卡是集成的，型號(hào)是Realtek RTL8168/8111 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC。然后我們到Realtek的官方網(wǎng)站去下載相應(yīng)的Linux驅(qū)動(dòng)程序r8168-8.005.00.tar.bz2，按照說(shuō)明安裝。


Unpack the tarball :

# tar vjxf r8168-8.aaa.bb.tar.bz2

Change to the directory:

# cd r8168-8.aaa.bb

If you are running the target kernel, then you should be able to do :

# make clean modules (as root or with sudo)

# make install

# /sbin/depmod -a

# /sbin/insmod ./src/r8168.ko (or r8168.o in linux kernel 2.4.x)


You can check whether the driver is loaded by using following commands.


# /sbin/lsmod | grep r8168(看看有沒(méi)有加載網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動(dòng))

# /sbin/ifconfig –a(看看有沒(méi)有相關(guān)網(wǎng)卡被啟動(dòng)的信息)


If there is a device name, ethX, shown on the monitor, the linux


driver is loaded. Then, you can use the following command to activate

the ethX.


# ifconfig ethX up

,where X=0,1,2,...


這里也可以通過(guò)系統(tǒng)→管理→網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)設(shè)置IP地址等，最后激活。


1. Set manually


a. Set the IP address of your machine.


# ifconfig ethX "the IP address of your machine"


b. Set the IP address of DNS.


Insert the following configuration in /etc/resolv.conf.

nameserver "the IP address of DNS"


c. Set the IP address of gateway.


# route add default gw "the IP address of gateway"


2. Set by doing configurations in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts


/ifcfg-ethX for Redhat and Fedora, or /etc/sysconfig/network

/ifcfg-ethX for SuSE. There are two examples to set network

configurations.


a. Fix IP address:


DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=ethernet

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

IPADDR=192.168.1.1

GATEWAY=192.168.1.254

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255


2. 修改：＃vi /etc/hosts，在該文本中，增加兩行：


127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

192.168.4.101 node3（根據(jù)機(jī)器本身情況設(shè)置）


修改：vi /etc/hosts.equiv，增加一行：(如果沒(méi)有該文本，可建立一個(gè))


node3


3. 啟動(dòng)ssh服務(wù)


大部分的Linux版本應(yīng)該都會(huì)自帶該程序


＃ssh-keygen

＃cd .ssh

＃cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

＃ssh node3（如果成功，會(huì)顯示上次登陸的時(shí)間， node3是主機(jī)名）


附加信息：

ifup eth0看看能否啟動(dòng)eth0

lsmod看看有沒(méi)有加載網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動(dòng)

dmesg看看有沒(méi)有網(wǎng)卡啟動(dòng)時(shí)的錯(cuò)誤信息